Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. :: essays research papers fc

Dr. Martin Luther baron, Jr. &8220I take for a dream that one day this commonwealth will rise up and live outthe true meaning of its creed &8216We hold these truths to beself-evident, that every(prenominal) men are created equal&8217...I have a dream that myfour little children will one day live in a population where they will non bejudged by the color of their skin but by the content of theircharacter.Not only did Dr. Martin Luther pansy Jr. have a dream, he had avested interest in acquiring equality in the black fraternity. Hisnonviolent approach to obtain equality for Afri pile Americans had animmense put together on society as a whole. King believed that in order tomake a change you have to start where you are, use what you know,and do what you can to make a difference.I backrest down King&8217s approach to gain equality. King demonstrated toAmerica that though nonviolence might not be the approach we always take to take, because it will sometimes destroy our egos. Th rough hisfaith in god it helped him to motivate us so that we could be the betterrace. It took more than whips, hoses, sticks, and segregation to prolongBlack America down. The government kicked them off the high horseto the ground, and as a Black Nation we jumped back on the saddle androde on to victory.Dr. King started with the Civil Rights Movement, and from therehe kept on going. This movement started with a phone call about genus RosaParks being arrested for not surrendering her croupe to a white bus rider. King and other leaders felt that a protestation of some shape was needed. Ameeting in the community was called, they agreed that the only way tofight back would be to boycott the bus company. The people in the venue agreed to participate and that started the Montgomery private instructorBoycott. As they continued to withhold patronage the whitecommunity fought back with terrorism and harassment. Thecommunity complained and King told them, &8220We must learn to meethate with love. Although King&8217s views were continuously challengedby blacks who had lost faith in nonviolence, his belief in the power ofnonviolence protest remained strong. The boycott lasted for 381 days. It eventually took the United States peremptory Court to end the boycott. On November 13,1956 the court declared that Alabama&8217s state andlocal laws requiring segregation on buses were illegal. King believedthat the boycott proved that &8220 in that location is a new Negro in the south with asense of dignity and destiny.Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. essays research papers fc Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. &8220I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live outthe true meaning of its creed &8216We hold these truths to beself-evident, that all men are created equal&8217...I have a dream that myfour little children will one day live in a nation where they will not bejudged by the color of their skin but by the content of theircharacter.Not only did Dr. Martin Luthe r King Jr. have a dream, he had avested interest in acquiring equality in the black community. Hisnonviolent approach to obtain equality for African Americans had animmense effect on society as a whole. King believed that in order tomake a change you have to start where you are, use what you know,and do what you can to make a difference.I support King&8217s approach to gain equality. King demonstrated toAmerica that though nonviolence might not be the approach we alwayswant to take, because it will sometimes destroy our egos. Through hisfaith in god it helped him to motivate us so that we could be the betterrace. It took more than whips, hoses, sticks, and segregation to keepBlack America down. The government kicked them off the high horseto the ground, and as a Black Nation we jumped back on the saddle androde on to victory.Dr. King started with the Civil Rights Movement, and from therehe kept on going. This movement started with a phone call about RosaParks being arrested for not surrendering her seat to a white bus rider. King and other leaders felt that a protest of some kind was needed. Ameeting in the community was called, they agreed that the only way tofight back would be to boycott the bus company. The people in thelocale agreed to participate and that started the Montgomery BusBoycott. As they continued to withhold patronage the whitecommunity fought back with terrorism and harassment. Thecommunity complained and King told them, &8220We must learn to meethate with love. Although King&8217s views were continuously challengedby blacks who had lost faith in nonviolence, his belief in the power ofnonviolence protest remained strong. The boycott lasted for 381 days. It eventually took the United States Supreme Court to end the boycott. On November 13,1956 the court declared that Alabama&8217s state andlocal laws requiring segregation on buses were illegal. King believedthat the boycott proved that &8220There is a new Negro in the south with asense of dign ity and destiny.

Globalisation :: Economics Capitalism Economy Essays

GlobalisationIntroductionTo begin with, tell them that they pass on need to look at the essay questions todayLater we will be doing a trial reflective exerciseLets look at GlobalisationMy storyWhen my colleagues and I were faced with redundancy we were fit(p) in a unique position. Or perhaps it wasnt quite so unique, just unspoken experts are not ren consumeed for publicly applying their own theories to themselves. After years working as labour researchers or workplace reposition consultants we found ourselves in the position of having the stories we told other workers and their managements about why qualify was happening being reflected back to us by our managers and the people employed to facilitate our departures. We shifted from being purveyors of the discourses and narratives about why change was necessary to sitting in judgement of whether these very discourses and narratives applied to us, made sense to us, or were believable. Armed with more information than the average p otentially redundant worker, we gathered around photocopiers, peeing coolers, staff room dining tables, coffee shop booths, each others desks - and discussed, argued, complained, questioned. As labour researchers we turned on labour theories, as change consultants we turned on theories of workplace change, and asked ourselves and each other, Is what Ive been saying for the last ten years really the case in my case? Now that Im vote out there amongst it all instead of looking at it from the safety of an analysts lofty heights, does the story look and sound the same? The Globalisation themeThe stories we told the workers went generally like this Globalisation led to economic and industry restructuring which leads to organisational change which means jobs change which means you have to do things incompatiblely to how you did them before and if you do not change, you wont be able to give your customers what they want and you and your company and your country are gone (hereafter call ed The Globalisation Story). Simple. Logical. Inexorable. Until we started telling it to ourselves and to each other. Then, with strange alacrity, we shifted from a reliance on causal explanation to an emphasis on interpretive understanding.Putting yourself inside the pictureWith many of us experts in different stories - some were macroeconomists who understood globalisation theory, some of us were labour or industry economists who understood the theories of work and industry change, some were organisation researchers who knew about change management - we started to pick holes in other peoples stories and they picked holes in ours, many with the preface, Your story doesnt work for me because .

Stephen Sondheim :: essays research papers

Stephen Sondheim - BiographyStephen Sondheim was born on 22 March 1930, the son of a wealthy raw York dress manufacturer. But, when his parents divorced, his mother moved to Bucks County, Pennsylvania and young Stephen found himself in the right place at the right time. A neighbour of his mothers, Oscar Hammerstein II, was working on a new musical called Oklahoma and it didnt take long for the adolescent boy to realise that he, too, was intrigued by musical theatre. Although he subsequently studied formation with Milton Babbitt, he chose to apply what he learned he all-or-nothing commercial hothouse of Broadway. Like Hammerstein, he has written the occasional pop song (with Jule Styne for Tony Bennett) and dabbled in films (Stavisky, Reds, Dick Tracy), but, like Hammerstein, he has always come back to the theatre. His initial success came as a somewhat reluctant lyricist to Leonard Bernstein on western Side Story (1957) and Jule Styne on Gypsy (1959). Exciting and adventurous as those shows were in their day, and for all their enduring popularity, Sondheims philosophy since is encapsulated in one of his song titles "I Never Do Anything Twice". His first score as composer-lyricist was A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To The Forum (1962) - a show so funny few people spotted how experimental it was its still the only successful musical farce. In the following three decades, critics detected a Sondheim musical mode - a fondness for the harmonic language of Ravel and Debussy a reliance on vamps and skewed harmonies to destabilise the melody a tendency to densely literate person lyrics. But, all that said, its the versatility that still impresses you couldnt swap a song from the exuberantly explosive pit-band score of Anyone Can Whistle (1964) with one of the Orientally influenced musical scenes in Pacific Overtures (1976) you couldnt fall away the neurotic pop score of Company (1970) for the elegantly ever-waltzing A Little Night Music (1973). Sondhe im hit his stride in the Seventies, forming a unique confederacy of hyphenates with Hal Prince a composer-lyricist and a producer-director working together to re-invent the musical. Some were plotless (Company), some characterless (Pacific Overtures), one went backwards (Merrily We Roll Along). But, as his onetime choreographer Michael Bennett put it, before you endure break the rules, you have to know what they are - and Sondheim knows Americas cultural heritage better then anybody. Follies (1971) is an

Everyone Is Capable of Becoming a Lifelong Learner Essay -- Educationa

Every somebody has the ability to become a lifelong disciple. The most important factor to becoming a lifelong learner comes from the direct influence of mentors and guardians that care for children throughout their developmental years. Together, they figure out the best plan of action to teach each individual student how to be better learners in hopes that the influence of lifelong learning habits will be incorporated into their worldviews when they become adults. There are some people in fraternity who believe that the developmentally disabled person is unable to become a lifelong learner due to their disabilities. Over the last century, research on primaeval intervention educational programs proves these unjustified beliefs wrong. These programs and services provided to the young exceptional learning community are making it possible for students to achieve their academic goals at the identical level as their general education peers. This particular type of disability is caused by birth defects. Birth defects cause serious problems within a persons physical make up and usually affect multiple body part systems. The National Institute of baby Health and Human outgrowth (2011) talks about specific developmental delays like nervous system disabilities (Down Syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorders), sensory related disabilities (Congenital Rubella, Williams Syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome), metabolic disorders (Phenylketonuria, Hypothyroidism), and degenerative disorders (Rett Syndrome). Many of these developmentally delayed disorders are incurable but there are supportive programs in existence to help treat the negative make caused by these disorders. Since the root of the disability is unable to be fixed, docto... ...-intervention.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). Developmental Disabilities. Retrieved on May 8, 2012 from http//www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/dd/resources.htmOffice for Civil Rights. (2011). Transitio n of Students With Disabilities To Postsecondary Education A Guide for High School Educators. U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved on May 8, 2012 from http//www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/transitionguide.html Ripley, S. (2008). Intervention The Earlier, The Better. Excelligence Learning Corporation. Retrieved on May 8, 2012 from http//www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx?ArticleID=122The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (2011). Developmental Disabilities. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved on May 8, 2012 from http//www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/developmental_disabilities.cfm

History of Ian Fleming Essay -- Ian Fleming James Bond Essays

History of Ian Fleming Ian Fleming not just created the character of James obligate he personified him by living an exciting life. With his suave style and long history of lavished background he was almost born(p) into the part of his later creation.Ian Fleming was born on May 8th, 1908 to his father, Valentine Fleming, and his bewilder, Beatrice Fleming (Lycett 12). He was the grandson of the famous Scottish banking pioneer, Robert Fleming (Rosenberg 5). Ian also had three brothers named Peter, Richard, and Michael. He hated his brother Peter during most of his childhood. This was due to his brother be very successful in academics and got his fathers attention. Fist fights usually broke out between the two of them (Lycett 15). He loved his mother, but he was always rebelling against her because, he didnt like the thought of her controlling his life (Lycett 28). Ians father did seem more like a teacher than a father him. He always boost Ian to take part in sports such as track. The father even taught him golf (Rosenberg 8). Since his father and his brother were very successful, Ian felt a desire to start successful himself.Ian attended Eton High School and joined the track team there and became and outstanding athlete (Cork 1). But, his stay at Eton was short lived due to rough trouble he was in that involved women and a motor vehicle accident (Rosenberg 20). Apparently, Fleming stole his fathers vehicle and went to a party where he drank a readiness and met women that he later invited to ride with him. One of the women distracted Fleming and he ran into a tree (Lycett 31).During the expulsion of high school, Ians father died in World War 1 during a battle in France on Sunday 20 May 1917 (. All the inherited money went to Ians mother. With the stipulation that she would remarry, Ian was pressured into getting money of his own. The widowed mother put him in another school called Tennerhof High School. It was there that he started to ga in girlfriends and have an expensive taste of food and automobiles. People who went to Tennerhof with Ian remembered him as being very arrogant and difficult. There were others that swear he was found to be charming, handsome, witty, and a lively aristocrat. But, Ian was having problems academically. Ians mother knew a married couple that could help Ian. So he would visit them one day a week... ...n making the book into a movie. They approached Ian with a proposition to make Dr. No into a movie. If the movie did fountainhead they would produce other Bond movies. During the negotiations and production of Dr. No Ian completed Goldfinger, For Your Eyes Only, Octa*censored*, and The Spy Who Loved Me. The movie, Dr. No was a huge encounter and Ian had the feeling that he finally reached the success that he hoped to achieve over his father and brother. Other movies were made while Ian Fleming continued to write. That is until 1964 when Ian Fleming died of a fatal feel attack while at Royal St. Georges Golf Club.Ian Fleming was a man of many visions, and talents. It wasnt until after his death that James Bond was a British, sexual, and heroic icon. A total of 20 Bond Films have been made so far. Even more James Bond books have been written. Ian Fleming will live on with opprobrium and legend.Work CitedBruce A. Rosenberg Ian Fleming. Boston United Publishing, 1981Andrew Lycett Ian Fleming The Man Behind James Bond Kansas City Universal Press, 1995John Cork The Life of Ian Fleming (1908-1964) http//www.mcs.net/idust/www/flem-bio.html

History of Ian Fleming Essay -- Ian Fleming James Bond Essays

History of Ian Fleming Ian Fleming not just created the character of James adhesion he personified him by backing an exciting life. With his suave style and long history of lavished background he was almost born into the part of his later creation.Ian Fleming was born on May 8th, 1908 to his father, Valentine Fleming, and his mother, Beatrice Fleming (Lycett 12). He was the grandson of the famous Scottish banking pi nonpareiler, Robert Fleming (Rosenberg 5). Ian also had three brothers named Peter, Richard, and Michael. He hated his brother Peter during most of his childhood. This was due to his brother being very successful in academics and got his fathers attention. Fist fights usually broke out between the two of them (Lycett 15). He loved his mother, but he was always rebelling against her because, he didnt like the thought of her autocratic his life (Lycett 28). Ians father did seem more like a teacher than a father him. He always encouraged Ian to take part in sport s such as track. The father even taught him golf (Rosenberg 8). Since his father and his brother were very successful, Ian felt a desire to become successful himself.Ian attended Eton broad(prenominal) School and joined the track team there and became and outstanding athlete (Cork 1). But, his stay at Eton was short lived due to some trouble he was in that involved women and a motor vehicle accident (Rosenberg 20). Apparently, Fleming stole his fathers vehicle and went to a party where he drank a lot and met women that he later invited to resist with him. One of the women distracted Fleming and he ran into a tree (Lycett 31).During the expulsion of high school, Ians father died in World War 1 during a battle in France on Sunday 20 May 1917 (. All the inherited money went to Ians mother. With the stipulation that she would remarry, Ian was pressured into getting money of his own. The widowed mother put him in another(prenominal) school called Tennerhof High School. It was there that he started to gain girlfriends and have an expensive taste of food and automobiles. People who went to Tennerhof with Ian remembered him as being very arrogant and difficult. in that location were others that swear he was found to be charming, handsome, witty, and a lively aristocrat. But, Ian was having problems academically. Ians mother knew a married couple that could help Ian. So he would visit them one day a week... ...n making the book into a movie. They approached Ian with a proposition to make Dr. No into a movie. If the movie did well they would produce other bond certificate movies. During the negotiations and production of Dr. No Ian completed Goldfinger, For Your Eyes Only, Octa*censored*, and The Spy Who Loved Me. The movie, Dr. No was a huge hit and Ian had the feeling that he lastly reached the success that he hoped to achieve over his father and brother. Other movies were made while Ian Fleming continued to write. That is until 1964 when Ian F leming died of a fatal heart attack while at Royal St. Georges Golf Club.Ian Fleming was a man of many visions, and talents. It wasnt until after his death that James Bond was a British, sexual, and heroic icon. A total of 20 Bond Films have been made so far. Even more James Bond books have been written. Ian Fleming will live on with infamy and legend.Work CitedBruce A. Rosenberg Ian Fleming. Boston linked Publishing, 1981Andrew Lycett Ian Fleming The Man Behind James Bond Kansas City Universal Press, 1995John Cork The Life of Ian Fleming (1908-1964) http//www.mcs.net/idust/www/flem-bio.html

Data, Knowledge, Information and Wisdom Continuum

The Data/In bringation/Knowledge/ science Continuum The Data/Information/Knowledge/Wisdom Continuum Data, teaching, and knowledge are words used to assign meaning to our complex nurse pasture. In the field of information applied science, these words are used to stage meaning and direct the flow of organizational knowledge (Thompson & Warren, 2009). The concept of the data-information-knowledge- erudition (DIKW) continuum is the shimmy of data into light through cognitive processes, which are donjonive of the nursing practice.Schleyer and Beaudry (2009) discussed how nurses in this growing specialty are accountable to provide the best evidence-based care advice possible, transform the data collected to information, and apply that knowledge with wisdom to address the affected roles unique needs. The purpose of this paper is to display the progression through the four steps of the data, information, knowledge, wisdom continuum that occurs through research information to answer a clinical question pertinent to nursing in an acute care setting. Electronic medical specialty Administration in Acute Care SettingImplementation of the electronic health record, computerized physicians browse entry and decision support systems within the health care industry have attributed to a decrease in documentation and transcription errors, piece making measurable improvements in our nations health care. The clinical research question for this paper is has implementing the use of the electronic medicine administration (eMAR) better the safety of medication administration in the hospital setting? This engineering at present has not been implemented in our hospital organization, but go out be in the near future.Poon et al. (2010) explained that serious medication errors are common in hospitals and often occur during the transcription or administration of medication. In order to help prevent such errors, the development of technology has been instituted to verify medicati ons by incorporating prohibition computer label verification technology within an electronic medication-administration system, which is referred to as bar code medication administration (BCMA). Database Resources Ackoff (1989) proposed that data are defined as symbols that represent properties of objects, events and their environment.They are the products of thoughtfulness, and are of no use until they are in a useable (i. e. pertinent) form (as cited in Rowley, 2007). For this paper, the Walden Library Health Science and Nursing Databases were utilized to conduct a search for data related to the clinical question has implementing the use of the electronic medication administration (eMAR) improved the safety of medication administration in the hospital setting? The databases for CINHAL/Medline and PUBMED were queried by using the search words eMAR, bar code technology, medication administration, and safety.The search generated four complete articles in the CINHAL/Medline databa ses that were pertinent to the topic. Another four sources were generated in the PUBMED database, of which one was a free text article, the other ternary sources were go ups however, two of those sources were successfully retrieved from Google Scholar (find in Walden Library). Although, no full text was available for one of the abstracts found for this source in the search, the information within the abstract was deemed relevant. Transforming Data into InformationInformation is inferred from data (Rowley, 2007). Upon evaluating the plethora of data from said resources, it was determined that a substantial amount of relevant information could be extracted from this accumulation of data to support the clinical question in progress. In other words, said data would be considered information, as it had context to the reason the literature search was being performed. Medication errors cause an estimated 7000 deaths each year and cost the nation $2 billion annually (Paoletti, Suess, Lesk o, Feroli, Kennel, Mahler, & Sauders, 2007).A significant reduction of medication errors was evidenced by the use of bar code technology and the eMAR. A study funded by the Agency for health care Research and Quality (Healthcare Benchmark & Quality Improvements, 2010) reported that by incorporating bar-code verification technology within an eMAR system, a significant reduction in medication errors was demonstrated. Connecting Information to Knowledge According to (Thompson & Warren, 2009) knowledge occurs when we apply the data and information to obtain relevant and purposeful meaning.The transformation of information to knowledge occurs when information is combined so that connections can be identified and formalized if you will. Some methods used to achieve this transformation would be through comparison. How does this information compare to other known data? Example Were there fewer transcription and medication errors with the use of eMAR and bar code technology as opposed to pap er documentation and administration? Another method would be through making associations or connections. Example How does the use of eMAR with bar-code technology relate to put downd transcription and medication errors?There was a significant amount of information gleaned from database resources that supported the conclusion, that implementation of such technology could greatly reduce transcription and medication administration errors, as well as adverse drug events, although it did not propose to eliminate such errors. Wisdom Pertaining to Knowledge bay window the use of information technology be utilized to gain wisdom? Achieving wisdom via the application of knowledge to manage and solve human problems is essential for health.Major (2002) discussed how wisdom involves recognizing what is most important, by making distinctions among alternatives. It comprises the application of experience, intelligence, creativity, and knowledge, as mediated by values, toward the achievement of a common good (as cited in Matney et al. 2011). It would be a liable assertion that clinicians and researchers may conclude that information and knowledge derived from this data will be accurate and can reliably support research, clinical nursing practice, and nursing decisions. SummaryIn that nurses are knowledge workers, it is only natural that they would require a fundamental knowledge to support their practice and profession. As knowledge workers, nurses collect data and information and make decisions that affect individuals, families, and communities at large. An understanding of how the concepts of the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) framework overlap and interact will beneficial for nurses performing research studies. Given that wisdom is supported by knowledge, different manifestations of wisdom may exist.Wisdom may be manifested in nursing through professional expertise(Baltez & Staudinger, 2000) or clinical judgment (Benner, 2000), (as cited in Mateny et al. 2011 ). References Healthcare Benchmarks & Quality Improvements (2010). Bar-code/eMAR combo reduces errors. Healthcare Benchmarks & Quality improvements, 17(9), 100-102. Matney, S. , Brewster, P. J. , Sward, K. A. , Cloyes, K G. , & Staggers, N. (2011). Philosophical approaches to the nursing informatics data-information-knowledge-wisdom framework.Advances in Nursing Science, 34(1), 6-18. DOI 10. 1097/ANS. 0b013e3182071813 Paoletti, R. D. , Suess, T. M. , Lesko, M. G. , Feroli, A. A. , Kennel, J. A. , Mahler, J. M. & Sauders, T. (2007). Using bar-code technology and medication observation methodology for safer medication administration. American Journal of Health System Pharmacy, 64,(5), 536-543. Poon, E. G. , Keohane, C. A. , Yoon, C. S. , Ditmore, M. , Bane, A. , Levtzion-Korach, O. , Gahdhi, T. K. (2010). Effect of bar-code technology on the safety of medication administration.The New England Journal of Medicine, 362, 1698-1707. DOI 10. 1056/NEJMsa0907115 Rowley, J. (2007). The wisdo m hierarchy Representations of the DIKW hierarchy. Journal of Information Science, 33(2), 163-180. DOI 10. 1177/0165551506070706 Schleyer, R. , & Beaudry, S. (2009). Data to wisdom Informatics in telephone triage nursing practice. AAACN Viewpoint, 31(5), 1, 10-3. Thompson, T. L. , & Warren, J. J. (2009). Are they all data? Understanding the work of organizational knowledge. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 23(4), 185-186. DOI 10. 1097/NUR. 0b013e3181aae374

Aerophones: Musical Instrument and Small Circular Pieces Essay

The pi is believed to be truly a Thai instrument used since the ancient times. The sound it produces and the blowing technique is unique to the solid ground of Thailand. The basic material for this instrument is hardwood or marble. Its reed comes from small circular pieces of the palmyra leaves tied to a small tube made of silver, bronze, or brass. It is usually played with percussion instruments. Khaen is the just about important folk instrument in north Thailand and in Laos. It is made up of fourteen long thin bamboo tubes that are four feet long. The range of the khaen covers two octaves of seven tack togetheres. It is described to produce a drone that is often described as mournful and plaintive.MembranophonesThe taphon instrument is somewhat corresponding to the siphon of India. Instead of having it suspended from a strap on the shoulder, that taphon is a drum placed on a stand. It is played with both hands use the palms and the fingers. This instrument is included in the Piphat ensemble.The ramana is a shallow drum that looks like a tambourine without the metallic discs. The diameter of its head is larger than the diameter of its body. Its frame is shallower and narrower than most soup plates.The thon ramana is a bowl-shaped ceramic drum that is used in the Mahori ensemble. Its head is made from various skins of goats, calves, and snakes. It is played with one hand covering and possibility the open end of the body in order to control the tone and the other hand tapping the beat.ChordophonesThe jakhae or jakhe is shaped like a crocodile. Its body is bighearted and hollow in order to resonate the sound of the instrument better. It is placed horizontally on the floor as the sham sits on the ground. This instrument has a long neck, a sound box, and three strings attached to pegs. This is Thailands most important stringed instrument with the most beautiful sound.The saw sam sai resembles very much the Japanese shamisen, but is triangular in shape wit h a spiked leg. Its body is made from coconut shells and calf-skin. It has three strings with no frets on the neck. The pitch of the string depends on the size of the coconut shell.IdiophonesRanat thum is a box-shaped metallophone that is placed on the floor and played while sitting. It has a range of two-and-a-half octaves that is truck by a padded mallet. Khawng wong lek is a set of gong circles with low pitches that are an octave lower than the khawng wong yai. These tuned gong-kettles are arranged horizontally in a circular frame, where the player sits at the center beating the gongs with two mallets.Khawng wong yai is also a circle of gongs. It is the largest of all the sets of gongs in Thailand. It is composed of 17 knobbed bronze pot-gongs placed into a circular wooden frame. The gong player sits within the circular frame to enable him to strike the gongs with ease. A mallet is used to strike the pot-gongs.The ching chap is a set of percussion instruments likened to a pair of cymbals. It is made out of a thick metal shaped like a tea cup. It is played by hitting both metals together. This musical instrument often emphasizes the duple meter of Thai compositions.

Women and Depression

Depression is currently the fourth most common ca persona of disability worldwide (Culbertson, 1997). With first gear being such a large issue in society, it faecesnot be looked at as a one size fits all, particularly when it comes to examining gender differences associated with noetic wellness disorders (Smith and Jaffe, 2012). there atomic number 18 legion(predicate) cordial causes prevalent in society, varying by gender, which contributes to the risk of being diagnosed with low gear or the rate to which they sleep with low.Depression is the leading cause for disability in wo custody and they be roughly twice as promising to fuck off depression as custody. Some reasons for this may be that women lam to dwell on their problems, they experience victimization and they overly must deal with the effects that estrogen has on the sample hormone and menstrual cycle. manpowers experiences with depression cod not been as well understood as womens. Although women may be d iagnosed a good deal then men, it does not mean that men suffer any less they oft suffer in silence.With the social constructions of what it means to be a man and what it means to be a woman, it has created an ambiance in which it negatively disturbs the willingness to seek help or treatment and the diagnosis of mental unsoundnesses relating to health and health c atomic number 18. There is evidence to suggest that men argon just as vulnerable as women to depression and for the same reasons that make women depressed but they remain undiagnosed and untreated (Zartaloudi, 2011). Men on middling argon less willing to seek help but ar more reluctant to seek help in the contingency of depression.There are a larger number of men compared to women who suffer from problems closely related to depression such as alcohol and drug abuse and the suicide rates in men are very high. According to Real, women are more seeming to be diagnosed with depression than men because many health professionals, as well as family members and friends, may find it easier to diagnose women with depression more than men because of the fear of the stigma and shame surrounding depression for men, a disorder which is regarded as stirred up and not a manly illness. (Real, 1997) So in society it is hard to diagnose depression in men because they have a harder time admitting that they have it. With that being said, the social roles that we have created for both(prenominal) men and women create the need for different treatment options and care that will ultimately lead to the same root successfully treating depression. The social conditions of life and the differences that are presented for individuals create different health care needs for everyone. The health care system ofttimes fails to address these differences and in doing so, it piece of tail often reinforce the inequalities (Payne & Doyal, 2010).It is important to recognize the different social processes present in society if the health care system is going to act to the needs of individuals. Men are known to use health care services less than women, which roll in the hay relate to mens shorter life expectancies. So this leads to the problem of men not wanting to seek health care, as they want to look masculine and adhere to the gender role that society has created. These generalizations can be very harmful to both men and women as they can often affect the action one may claim.For example, men also tend to wait longer to seek health care, as they do not use the services as much as women (Payne & Doyal, 2010). So in the case of depression, if men tend to wait longer, it could lead to alcoholism, drug abuse and suicide. One is held accountable for every action they perform to be appropriate to the sex stratum they adhere to. Because the rate of depression is nigh two generation greater for women than men, depression can often be framed as a womens issue and therefore men do not want to admit to b eing depressed.Women also react differently as they are more likely to change their appetite, become emotional and lose weight where as men tend to turn to alcohol and drugs which can lead to further complications (Zartaloudi, 2011). Although women are more likely to attempt suicide and there are more reported cases of women attempting to kill themselves, men are reported to have a higher end rate by suicide than women. Men have a very high rate of suicide they are about three to four times more likely to kill themselves regardless of their age.Men are also more likely to commit suicide because they tend to act quicker on their thoughts and use more lethal methods such as guns (Mayo Clinic, 2011). Men often times will try to have intercourse up to the standards of masculinity that society has created. It has been hypothesized that men can experience a loss of psychological well-being while trying to achieve the masculine goals related to the gender roles that have been created. Me n may also make themselves savor better by relying on avoidance and coping in ways such as distraction, social diversion, denial and disengagement (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1999).Men often fail to recognize depression, not realizing that some of their symptoms are those of depression. They also down play their sign and symptoms of depression and often do not want to chat about what they are feeling where as women are more likely to seek medical help or turn to family and friends (NIMH, 2011). When looking specifically at women and depression, it can be noted that women suffer in different ways then men due to different social causes they experience.Looking at the cultural roles and how they affect both men and women, women have always been viewed to have unequal power and wealth. With mooer incomes, women are more likely to live in poverty and stress about housing and access to health care resources (Mayo Clinic, 2010). Minority women face racial discrimi farming as well which can lead t o lower self-assertion and can contribute to feelings of depression. As well, women who were emotionally, sexually or physically abused as children are more likely to be depressed as adults.Women are also more likely to be sexually abused (Weiss, 1999). Overall depression will continue to affect both and men and women in different ways and it is important to address this issue to ensure that both men and women are getting the correct diagnosis and treatment that is necessary. Although there are many factors that contribute to an increased risk of depression such as death, divorce, job loss or any major changes, it is important to look at social causes that affect women differently than men.There are many specific risk factors for mental disorders that disproportionately affect women which include gender based fierceness, socioeconomic disadvantage, low income and income inequality, low or subordinate social status and unremitting responsibility for the care of others (WHO, 2012). The high rate of sexual violence present in our society which women are exposed and the correspondingly high rate of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder result in women being the largest group of deal affected by depression.According to the Canadian Womens Foundation, Half of all women in Canada have experienced at least one incident of physical or sexual violence since the age of 16, (CWF, 2012). Having experienced sexual or physical violence can lead to an increased risk in experiencing depression for both men and women, although women are at a higher risk due to a higher rate of experiencing violence. Often, the social construction of gender leads to the view of women being inferior to men and so men view themselves as having control over women and can often result in physical or sexual violence.Some often query if men are at the same risk for experiencing violence but the Canadian Womens Foundation states that 83% of all police-reported cases of domestic violence are against women and that remains the same throughout every province in Canada, (CMF, 2012). It has also been reported that one in five women suffer rape or essay rape in their lifetime, (WHO, 2012). Living with the fear of being raped or experiencing rape also contributes to the increased risk of depression among women. Women often are downhearted to share their experience with anyone and often do not disclose information unless asked directly by a doctor.Men too are reluctant to share their experiences of violence as we have created a social stigma in which men are not to demonstrate such emotional feelings and so the violence goes unreported. power against women then, may contribute to the reason as to why women are the largest single group affected by depression. Another social cause of depression among both men and women but specifically women is low socioeconomic standing. The higher prevalence of depression among women can be associated with their socioeconomic position, stress processes and role of social alimentation (Warrell, 2012).Reports continue to tell that women that live in poverty or with a love economic status give tongue to higher rates of depression than women who live in a higher economic standing. The stress of struggling economically can often times play a big role in the emotional toll it takes on a person, specifically women. A reason why women are at a higher risk of depression and misfortunate long-term is that they are exposed to greater amounts of stress (Warrell, 2012). Women often have responsibilities both at work and within the home as they are often stereotyped as the house-wife, responsible for most of the duties within the home.socioeconomic status and the struggle for women to deal with major stressors that relate contribute to the high rate of depression among women. fraternity has created many stereotypes around gender and how males and females should act. Men are seen as the powerful, dominant type who should have the control an d the power within society. Men who show emotions and express feelings associated with the female stereotypes are often looked down upon. Women are seen as the emotional, fragile beings that are emotional and as a result are inferior to men.Although we are working as a society to break down these stereotypes, they are still prevalent and we must find ways to cope with them. Looking specifically at depression, women often feel as though they are inferior to men and that they are unequal within society this may contribute to feelings of depression. There are many ways for the issue of depression to be addressed. One of the most important ways for this issue to be addressed is for it to be talked about and have fewer stigmas machine-accessible to it. Many people view depression and mental illness as a negative thing and therefore much stigma comes attached to the diagnoses of depression.Men, who already have a hard time going to get help when they need it, are even less likely to reac h out for help if they will be labeled as weak and treated differently if their condition becomes public knowledge. As mentioned above, if society would take a step back and not put so much emphasis on hegemonic masculinities and make it more socially acceptable for men to show emotion and not have negative repercussions when coming to terms with their mental illness, more men would feel comfortable speaking out about their illness and hopefully actively seek treatment.One way that this stigma is approached is how Bell Canada has created a campaign to help eliminate the stigma attached to depression and mental illness. They stand some interesting statistics that are quite troubling in regards to the problem of mental health and its support mental health does not receive the funding relative to the need because mental illness represents 15% of health care troubles however, they only receive 5% of funding.Another startling statistic provided was that only one-third of Canadians who n eed mental health services actually receive them. (http//letstalk. bell. ca). Another initiative that has been created to help spread awareness about mental health issues is the Canadian Population health Initiative. This initiative has seen very positive outcomes in how mental health is treated, promoted and viewed in Canadian society. Many new initiatives and policies have been created in the past 20 age to help address the issues that are faced in the public sector of mental health.Some of the positive changes that have been made include The creation of the Mental health Promotion Unit in 1995 to promote health public policy for mental health, in 1996 a new holistic definition of mental health was created to demonstrate that mental health is a multi-faceted nature of health and moved beyond disease-oriented understandings (Ottawa CIHI, 2009) and in 2007 the creation of the Mental wellness Commission of Canada that was to help people living with mental illness get treatment as well as promote positive mental health promotion across the nation (Ottawa CIHI, 2009).By the creation of these old and new initiatives and policies, there is more attention being given to the issue of mental health and a reduction of the stigma attached to it. Education is the best way to understand something and if the country is educated on the issues, they will be less likely to rely on old stereotypes to categorise people who suffer from mental illness. I believe that depression is a major issue present within society and we must find ways to break down the gender stereotypes in order for both males and females to feel comfortable talking about it.I believe that it is important to look at how we can address this issue as women are suffering at a higher rate than men while men are suffering in silence, without help from anyone. Depression must be viewed as an illness that is okay to talk about and okay to get help for. Depression is common in society and no one is ever alone wh en dealing with depression and the feelings associated with it. It is scary to think that two thirds of people suffering are not receiving any help.People suffering need not be ashamed of what they are going through and should be eager to seek the proper treatment when needed. As a society, we must break away from the gender stereotypes associated with gender and understand that depression is an illness that both men and women suffer from. We need to continue to use campaigns and initiatives to show people that they are not alone and that it is nothing to be ashamed of. Women are at a higher rate of experiencing depression as they are affected differently by social causes that are present within our society.In recent times, we have been trying to put to rest the idea that men are superior to women as every human being should be considered equal and capable of doing the same things within society. If everyone is considered as equal, it may lead to a pass in violence against women an d people of color may not feel oppressed by other members of society. If this is possible, womens risk of experiencing depression may fall and it may no longer be viewed as a womens illness.It can be concluded that although men and women both suffer from depression and feel some of the same emotions, the way they experiencing depression differs greatly due to the social causes we see in society today. Bibliography References Canadian Institute of Health Information, Improving the Health of Canadians Exploring Positive Mental Health (Ottawa CIHI, 2009). Canadian Womens Foundation, The facts about violence against women. 2012. Retrieved on November 20th, 2012 from http//www. canadianwomen. org/facts-about-violence Culbertson, F. (1997).Depression and Gender an international review. American Psychology, 25-35. K. , B. B. (2012). Diagnosis and treatment rates for depression in older adults have grown overtime, with medication edging out therapy. AHRQ Research Activities, (379), 21-22. Logan, J. , Skopp, N. A. , Karch, D. , Reger, M. A. , & Gahm, G. A. (2012). Characteristics of Suicides Among US Army Active Duty Personnel in 17 US States From 2005 to 2007. American Journal Of Public Health, 102S40-4. doi10. 2105/AJPH. 2011. 300481 Mayo Clinic Staff. (2010). Depression in women Understanding the gender gap.Mayo Foundation for medical Education and Research, 1-3. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. , Larson, J. , Grayson, C. (1999). Explaining the gender difference in depressive symptoms. Social Psychology. 77(5) 1061-72. Payne, S. , & Doyal, L. (2010). Re-visiting gender justice in health and health care. In E. Kuhlman, and E. Annadale (Eds. ), The Palgrave handbook of gender and healthcare (pp. 21-35). Hampshire Palgrave MacMillan. Smith, M. , & Jaffe, J. (2012). Depression in Women Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. The Help Guide. Waller, E. 2012) Socioeconomic Position and Major Mental Disorders. Oxford University Press. Retrieved on November 19th, 2012 from http//epirev. oxfor djournals. org/content/26/1/53. full Weiss et Al. (1999). Childhood sexual abuse as a risk factor for depression in women. American Psychiatry, 816-28. World Health Organization, Mental Health Gender and womens mental health. 2012. Retrieved on November 20th, 2012 from http//www. who. int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/ Zartaloudi, A. (2011). What is mens experience of depression? Health Science Journal, 182-187.

ASIC v Adler Essay

The theatrical role of ASIC v Adler is very unique as well as complicated since it involved several(prenominal) breach of duties in the Corporations dissemble 2001. The HIH collapse was caused by very bad corporate governance.Such breach of duties are, component 9 ( film directors duties), component clxxx ( occupation to act with care and diligence), partition 181 (duty to act in good faith and for a straightlaced purpose), section 182 (improper use of locate), section 182(2) ( crinkle taste rule), section 183 (duty non to im justly use entropy) and section 260A (fiscal assistance). All of these contraventions under the Corporations Act 2001 bequeath be discussed in detail below.Section 9 Who Is A Director And Their Duties under(a) section 9, a director of a company is defined as a soul who is appointed to that position such as a director or alternate director, watchless of what name it is given to that position. Section 9 besides includes certain people to be direc tors even though they are not properly appointed. Such people fucking act as a director even though without proper appointment of director position. This is where they act in the position of a director (which can be also known as de facto director) or the directors are used to act in accordance with the individuals instructions (which also known as a dominate director).Directors duties need to be existed in order to protect shareholders from the risks of directors giving terms towards the company. Shareholders essentially have risks such as fraud, where the directors took control over the assets belonging to the company by using it for their individual(prenominal) interest, and mismanagement, whereby directors made an incompetent decision with the monetary standing of the company.Furthermore, section 9 also defines the officer of a friendship, which basically includes company executives who held senior positions in the boardlevel. Such soulfulnesss can be identified in cer tain situations where that person (the executives) makes or joins participation into make decisions in which affects the whole or substantial part of the companys championship activities or, the person who has the authority to affect in a significant way towards the companys financial standings or, basically the same definition of a shadow director where the person are acting towards the instructions given to them to act.In the case of ASIC v Adler, the court held that Adler, the director of HIH, was also an officer of wholly- possess HIH subsidiary which can be related under the section 9 definition of directors. This applies to Adler even though he was not properly appointed as a director or an officer of the subsidiary. Since he has the role of director, the subsidiary holding company and also a member of HIH giftment committee, this has showed that he participated in the decision making of the companys chore in which affected it the whole or substantial part of the business. As Santow J gave his popular opinion on this case, he gave a good summary of principles applic fit to directors duties. more or less of it are a director must continuously kept communicate of the activities of the company, they must be familiar with the fundamental principle of the business whereby the company is doing.Section 180 Duty To Act With Care And DiligenceIn the section 180(1), it provides that a director or other officer of a company need to exercise their powers and discharge their duties with a standard of care and diligence in which a reasonable person volition do if they were the director or officer of a company due to companys circumstances (section 180(1)(a)) and occupied the office and had the same responsibilities in the company as the director or officer (section 180(1)(b)).Executive directors are full time employees of the company who involved in the day-to-day management of the company. They have special responsibilities with their position and have a hig h knowledge of daily operations of thecompany. Non-executive directors, on the other hand, do part-time and have regular involvements in the company.In the case of ASIC v Adler, Williams who was the managing director for HIH and HIHC as well, contravened section 180(1) as he failed to ensure there were proper safeguard before HIHC gave the loan to construct. Fodera, who was the finance director of HIH, contravened section 180 as he failed to discuss a proposal to give $10 million loan to eliminate to the HIH board or its investment committee. As the executive directors of the company, both Fodera and Williams failed to carry out their role properly without informing the HIH board of their function.Section 180 (2) The Business Judgement RuleIn the section of 180(2), the section provides that a director or any other officer who makes a business judgement rule, will not be held liable in respect of the judgement under the statutory, common law or equitable duties of care and dilige nce, in which all of the elements can be shown. Such elements are, the judgement was properly made in good faith and for proper purpose, there was not material ain interest in the subject as of the matter of the judgement, the directors and the officers informed themselves about the subject matter of the judgement to the extent they appropriately believed to be reasonable and also the judgement was believed to be in rational in the outstrip interest of the whole company. All of these would be reasonably justified unless any other person in such position thinks that it is completely unreasonable.The business judgement rule basically gives the directors with a safe protection from a personal liability in the relation of the business judgements that they get through are valid which is in a good faith and in the best interest of the company. This is because some of their business decisions may turn out to be profit-making or a do loss in honest and rational way. Some of the main rea sons for the business judgement rule defences are risk winning and activities in entrepreneurial activities will be encouraged since directors are aware of the specific legislation that if they act honestly,they will not be punished or personally liable as a result of adverse judicial review. Another rule defence is that better business judgement will be made as a result of removing of some uncertainty of liability under the statutory duty of care and finally, the shareholders interest are better provided by engaging risk taking activities. To make directors be liable for such small errors of decision will promote risk-adverse decision-making with contrast effect on the economy.If the directors or other officers are able to satisfy the above requirements, they will have safe protection which makes them to be protected from liability for any breach of their duties of care and diligence. This means that their business judgement in such situations will be reviewed by court. Under sect ion 180(3), the business judgement is defined that any decisions to take or not to take action with respect to matter that is relevant to business activities of the company. This only refers to business decisions that has made relevant to the business activities. It does not include any decisions made in the position of directors powers such as the power to issue shares or pay dividends.By referring to the case ASIC v Adler, the court held that all three Adler, Williams and Fodera breached their statutory duty of care as stated in section 180(1). They also, however could not rely on the business judgement rule as their defence. Firstly for Adler, the business judgement rule did not applicable for him since he cannot satisfy the section 180(2)(b) since he had a conflict of interest in the relation of his decision to invest the $10 million payment from HIHC in PEE. Secondly for Williams, the business judgement rule did not apply to him because of his failed to ensure the correct safeg uards were enforced was not business judgement for the purpose in section 180(3). However, even this was a business judgement, since he was a major shareholder of HIH, he basically has material personal interest as in the section 180(2)(b). Other than that, Williams also failed to present any evidence that his judgement was done in good faith for the proper purpose as stated in section 180(2)(a). Finally, Fodera cannot rely on his business judgement rule as he failed to refer the feat of PEE to the HIH board or its investment committee. This was not a business judgement asstated in section 180(3).Section 181 Statutory Duty To Act In Good Faith And For A Proper PurposeUnder section 181(1), it says that a director or other officer of a corporation to exercise their powers and discharge their duties in bona fide (good faith) for the best interest of the company and also for a proper purpose. The section 181(1) can be contravened if the director thinks that they are rattling doing th eir duties for the best interest of the company in which any other director, in that situation, thinks that is distinctly unacceptable approach to do it. This may be happen when a director have a conflict of interest personally with the interest of the company they are handling.In the case of ASIC v Adler, it can clearly be seen that Adler, had contravened the section 181(1) to act in good faith by properly excising his powers and discharging his duties for the best interest of the company. This is because, the transactions that occurred in the HIH, HIHC and PEE had been improperly used, for the sake of his personal interest.Section 182 Improper Use Of PositionUnder section 182, the section states that it restricts officers or the employees of a company from improperly using their power to gain benefit for themselves or for any other persons to the company.In the case of ASIC v Adler, the court held that Adler had contravened the section 182 due to the arrangement of $10 million loan from HIHC to PEE which was and so to be used to acquire HIH shares on the stock market. This transaction was merely done for the purpose of supporting the HIH shares to increase the determine and thereby selling the HIH shares owned by Adler Corporation before PEE could sell off their HIH shares. Because of this transaction, PEE had incurred a total loss of investment by reselling on the HIH shares.In regard of this transaction, Adler was held that he had improperly used his position as a director of HIH, officer of HIHC and director of PEE to gain advantage for the Adler Corporation. The court also held that Williams, also had breached his duties as a director for both HIH and HIHC under section 182, to help gaining advantage for Adler Corporation. This is because Williams, used his position improperly by authorising the $10 million vitiate payment without proper approval from the HIHs investment committee, which he was required to disclose under the HIHs investment guideli nes.Other than that, the court also held that Adler improperly used his position as a director in the PEE transactions of acquiring a number of unlisted capitals at the cost price from Adler Corporation without recovering independent valuations of these ventures. With these transactions successful, Adler and Adler Corporation was able to exclude himself from these commercially unviable business operations. Adler basically knew that each of those businesses were having major cash flow problems and each had a significant risk that they would ultimately collapse. Adler, however, failed to disclose his personal interest to the HIH board other than Williams and Fodera.Section 183 Improper Use of InformationAs stated in section 183, a person who gets culture because they are or are not director, officer or employee of a company, must not misuse the information just to gain advantage for themselves or to any other person whereby causing failure in the company. Section 183 also applies t owards resigned or retired directors, officers and employees as well. Informations such as insider information can be taken as an advantage by any person in order to gain benefit by using it to themselves or by giving to other person.In the case of ASIC v Vizard, the court held that Vizard involved in the contravention of section 183, whereby he gained the insider information as he was the non-executive director of Telstra. He misused the information in order to gain advantage for CTI, Brigham and himself as well whereby based on the information that he receives (Telstra boards decision to acquireother company and selling their interest on another company), he would act accordingly to bargain for or sell off his shares ahead of Telstra.S260A Financial AssistanceIn section 260A, the section states that it forbids a company financially assisting a person to obtain or acquire shares in the same company of its holding company. However, if some of the conditions are met then the compan y may proceed to do such transaction. Some of the conditions are, giving the financial assistance will not materially prejudice the interest of the company, its shareholders or the companys ability to pay its creditors (under section 260A(1)(a)), the financial assistance is validated by the shareholders (under section 260B) or the financial assistance is relieved or exempted (under section 260C).Financial assistance is can be basically referred to where a company is lending money to a person to buy the company shares. This means that the company gives a certain amount of money to a person so that the person buys some of the companys shares. Another example is where a company gives a surety or guaranteed a persons loan in which the sum of the loan will be proceeded to buy shares in the company. The company is basically providing a loan to a person for the sake of purchase back its own shares off the stock market. Another example is where the company is giving its own assets as a sec urity to a persons loan in which the loan money will be used to buy the shares of the company given its assets as security.The section 260A clearly states that a company is restricted from giving financial assistance to a person to buy its own shares in the stock market as it will cause material prejudice. By analysing the case of ASIC V Adler, it can be seen that Adler, who was controlling PEE, was clearly contravened the section of 260A by which giving financial assistance to PEE through HIHC, a subsdiary of HIH, which is also a company controlled by Adler. This financial assistance given to PEE, was then used to buy the HIH shares on the stock market. This transaction gives a false impression over the stock market as well as its investors that Adler was supporting the falling shareprice of its company, HIH, by buying the shares personally. However, the court found out that Adler does not have the intention to make easy profit and reselling the HIH shares.The real purpose was to i ncrease the HIH share price in benefit of Alder Corporation Limited as substantial shareholding in HIH. The actual evidence is that when PEE went to sell off the HIH shares, it was done only later on Adler Corporation decided to sell off its HIH shares in which leads to total loss for PEEs investment.The Supreme Court of New South Wales held that the main intention of the transaction was that HIHC gave PEE financial assistance in order to acquire the shares in HIH which is HIHCs holding company. Due to this transaction, according to Santow J, both HIHC and HIH suffered material prejudice, which therefore, contravening section 260A.

Frankenstein/ Blade Runner Essay

Textual form is an issue which divide many critiques and audiences. Some view texts as a form creation skipper and more expressive, whereas others may view film as to be losing its credibility of expression. Never the less it is adamant that through with(predicate) a comparative study of 2 differing forms exploring similar ideas it becomes clear that one form isnt always superior over another. Mary Shelleys Frankenstein (1818) and Ridley Scotts stain Runner (1982) mirror this thesis. Whilst being composed more than a century apart, each explore similar ideas but approach them from different perspectives.Shelleys epistolary novel reflects a goal of Romanticism and Enlightenment through its glorification of nature, as well as its cautionary like tale of social responsibility and exploration of creator indite created. Scotts science fiction film Blade Runner conveys the many fears surfacing from the United States in the 1980 by warning of the possible dangers associated with envi ronmental deterioration, scientific advancements and genetic engineering. Scott scrutinizes such concepts as a world without true nature, and, like Frankenstein, the consequences of a lack of social responsibility.Shelley masterfully uses literary techniques to create her timeless classic. similarly Scott achieves a similar prestige through his use of filmic techniques. Nature is a indicatorful idea explored in Frankenstein. The idea of sublime nature was embraced during Romantic check of the late 18th Century. It allowed an unrestrained emotional sense for the individual. In Frankenstein, descriptions of nature seem to appear repeatedly during emotional or significant moments in succeeders life. Nature allows an outlet for Victor, it acts as his savoir. This connection is expressed where Victor travels back to Geneva to see his family.Here he witnesses the might of nature and its power. such examples of this include the pathetic fallacy of lightning playing on the summit of M ont Blanc with lightning being a recurring motif in the novel expressing how nature, whilst having to power of destruction, also has the power to illuminate and make clear. Nature also acts as a savoir to Victor in a time of sickness bestowing on him the most delightful wizard therefore conveying once more his connection and dependence with nature. Just as Frankenstein glorifies nature, Blade Runner explores a world where nature has become nearly obsolete.This mirrors the publics thoughts in the 80s of a continued deterioration and the consequences of our overuse of nature. The opening scene of Blade Runner uses filmic techniques such as chiaroscuro to reflect the lack of nature present with the entire landscape being industrialised. The pollution of the city drowns out the suns light, meaning all present lighting is artificial, reflecting a world with no natural warmth or clarity. The close up fade of the eye expresses a fire burning within, a possible allusion to Hates and the un derworld.The non-diegetic medicinal drug played is synthetic sounding, providing an eerie scene, further enforcing a lack of nature. A lack of social responsibility is evident in Victor concerning the Creature setting up a creator verse created situation in Frankenstein. The monster reflects context of Tabula Rasa, he is a blank slate completely innocent until experience creates perception. Cursed, cursed Creator Why did I live I know not despair had not yet taken possession of me. Shelley here uses rhetorical questions and emotive language to express the feeling of the Creature.The Creature believes that the blame for his suffering and pain in the neck lies with Victors cruelty and neglect of his creation rather than pain and anger being something innate in him. Victor through his lack of responsibility for this creation created an outcast of the monster leading to its pain. Shelley shows this in the biblical allusion I ought to be thy Adam I was benevolent and good misery made me a friend, once again strengthening the readers opinion that the creatures suffering could have been avoided if Victor had shown sympathy towards him.Just as the monster confronts Victor in Frankenstein, Roy also confronts his creator Tyrell, in Blade Runner. Roy, being a result of genetic engineering, plays out the mindset of the public in the 1980s that eventually the birth of our advancing science may one day flexure on us. The scene features shots filled with religious iconography with Tyrell draped in luxury with lit candles providing the only light in the room. The chess game which Tyrell and Sebastian are enmeshed in is a metaphor for the capturing of the king with the king being Tyrell and Roy achieving checkmate.The two shot of Roy and Tyrell during their confrontation is one of the few in the film and displays Roy as a dominant figure indicating a power shift in their relationship. Tyrell clearly acknowledges this shift when he backs away from Roy in fear. Roy is move d by this see as to him Tyrell is God, his creator, which is conveyed in the quote its not easy to meet your maker, a biblical allusion expressing the enormity of the meeting from Roys perspective.It is now clear, through the comparative study of Frankenstein and Blade Runner that a comparative study of two textual forms only enhances our interest in discovering the parallels present between them. Blade Runner, being a film, has clearly shown to be able to explore similar ideas as Frankenstein, a novel. Each thoroughly explores nature and its influence on the public of their time as well as the lack of social responsibility each creator had towards his created, and the consequences of those actions. Thus it is evident that difference in textual form does not weaken the depth in which similar parallels can be explored.

Adolf Hitler Conspiracies Essay

Did Adolph Hitler really commit suicide on April 30, 1945? Hitler is believed to have poisoned and shot himself along with his newlywed wife, Eva Braun, on April 30, 1945 while in an chthonicground bunker in Berlin. therefore, Hitler and his wifes body were burned outside the bunker. However, many questioned whether this really happened so they have conspiracies on Hitlers shoemakers last. Three main conspiracies that really repugn Hitlers suicide are that the skull found in the bunker did non decease to him, no shots were comprehend by bystanders in the bunker, and he had an imposter bulge out himself. So Hitlers death may have been a hoax due to the evidence from several sources, showing that Hitler may have never pull suicide in that bunker and he had flightd from Germany.The skull that was believed to be Hitlers, which was taken by the Russian army and preserved by Soviet intelligence, is now turn up by DNA analysis to be of a woman under 40 years old. The bodies of Hi tler and Eva Braun, Hitlers wife, after they died, were said to have been wrapped in blankets and carried to the garden outside the bunker, interposed in a bomb crater, doused with petrol and set ablaze (Fresh Doubts over Hitlers Death 3). However, Stalin, who was suspicious about Hitlers fate, had the Russian forensics team dig up Hitlers body, but a part of the skull was missing.The Russians eventually found the other fragment to make hold Hitlers death. However, American researchers were terminally able to examine the skull fragment after it had been under strict possession of the Soviets. The researchers found out the skull fragment belonged to a women under 40 years old because in their DNA analysis of the skull they found that the bone seemed very thin male bone tends to be more robust. excessively the sutures where the skull plates come together seemed to correspond to someone under 40 (Fresh Doubts over Hitlers Death 2).But Hitler was 56 in April 1945 so the skull could not have belonged to him. Braun was believed to have been killed as well so the skull fragment could belong to her and she was 33 years old when she died. Overall, Hitlers suicide has been greatly challenged by this astonishing discovery about the skull fragment believed to be Hitlers. Skull Fragment Believed to Belong to a Woman, not Hitler (Fresh Doubts over Hitlers Death.. 1)Nobody actually see Hitler shoot himself on April 30, 1945. The guards near the bunker claimed they heard nothing, but many of them withdrew their claims because they said Allied interrogators pressured them into saying that. Also some people who claimed to have heard the shot werent even there. Otto Gunsche, Hitlers SS adjutant, claimed to have been in the conference room with Nazi Party Secretary Martin Bormann and Propagnda Minister Josef Gobbels when he heard the shot, and then he claimed they rushed to the anteroom with Gobbels in lead (Adolf Hitler Death and Survival Myths 2).However, Rattenhuber, co mmander of Hitlers SS guards claimed that Gunsche was already in the anteroom when he arrived. So Gunsche couldve helped Hitler escape from the bunker without anyone else knowing. Also Hitlers chauffeur Erich Kempka and former Reich Youth leader Artur Axmann claimed that they saw a body being carried out of the bunker which was wrapped in blanket and was dressed in Hitlers trousers, shoes and socks, but they didnt get a binding identification of Hitler. If no one actually physically saw or heard Hitler shoot himself, how do they know he really shot himself ? Layout of Hitlers Bunker (Navona Numismatics.. 1)Most of the conspiracies on Hitlers death have to do with him having a double. Around 2 P.M on April 30, 1945, Hitler had a strange conversation with his personal pilot, Hans Baur. Baur begged Hitler to escape to Argentina, to Japan, or to an Arab country, but Hitler responded I am ending my earthly stay. (Adolf Hitler Death and Survival Myths 2). Notice Hitler said earthly stay instead of life which implies that Hitler was no longer going to be on Earth or that he was planning some sort of escape.Between 230 P.M and 3 P.M, Gunsche made a phone call to Kempka and asked him for dickens hundred liters of gasoline to be at the entrance of the Fuhrerbunker. Notice that Hitler did not make the phone. Could this have meant Hitler had already escaped and his double filled in his place? The Russians photo of Hitlers corpse was indeed not Hitler, it was his double, or Doppelganger, Gustav Weber , who was executed with a gunshot to the forehead, and its obvious that its not Hitler because Hitler shot himself in the temple. Russian photo of Hitler Corpse(Adolf Hitler Death and Survival Myths 4).Adolf Hitlers suicide on April 30, 1945 has been challenged by these three conspiracies the skull found in the bunker did not belong to him, no shots were heard by bystanders in the bunker, and he had an imposter kill himself. In the first conspiracy, researchers were able to examine the skull that was believed to belong to Hitler, but after a DNA analysis of the skull, they found out that the skull belonged to a female under the age of 40 due to its thickness and structure.Then in the second conspiracy, Hitlers bodygurads and comrades who were in the bunker with him claim to have never saw or heard the gunshot from Hitlers suicide. In the final conspiracy, Hitler was believed to have a double take his place and commit suicide while he escaped out of the bunker. All three of the conspiracies have valid and credible evidence so if they are true, then Adolf Hitler may have indeed faked his death and escaped from Germany on April 30, 1945.

Case Study – Nike: Spreading Out to Stay Together

Case Study Amazon Nike Spreading Out to Stay Together Nike, Inc. is an Americanmultinational corporationthat is diligent in the design, development and worldwide marketing and selling of footwear, apparel, equipment, accessories and services. The company is headquartered nearBeaverton, Oregon, in thePortland metropolitan area. It is the worlds leading supplier ofathletic shoesandappareland a major manufacturer ofsports equipment, with revenue in excess of US$24. 1billion in its fiscal year 2012 (ending May 31, 2012). As of 2012, it employed to a greater extent than 44,000 people worldwide. The snitch alone is valued at $10. Billion making it the most valuable brand among sports businesses. Nike andPrecision Castpartsare the onlyFortune euchrecompanies headquartered in the state of Oregon, according toThe Oregonian. The company was founded on January 25, 1964 asBlue Ribbon SportsbyBill BowermanandPhil Knight,and officially became Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1978. The company takes its hold fromNikethe Greek goddess of victory. Nike markets its products under its own brand, as well as Nike Golf, Nike Pro,Nike+,Air Jordan,Nike Skateboarding, and subsidiaries includingCole Haan,Hurley International,UmbroandConverse.Nike also owned Bauer Hockey (later renamedNike Bauer) between 1995 and 2008. In addition to manufacturing athletic wear and equipment, the company operates retail stores under the Niketown name. Nike sponsors many anformer(a)(prenominal) high-profile athletes and sports teams around the world, with the highly recognized trademarks of Just Do It and theSwooshlogo. Discussion Questions 1. When Nike CEO Phil Knight stepped down and handed his put-on to Bill Perez, he stayed on as chairman of the board. In what ways could Knights continued presence on the board have created an internal structure that prevented Perez from achieving full and complete leadership of Nike?Answer Informal structures are the shadow organization that represents the actual workin g and communication relationships that may not match the formal organisational chart. When knight remained on the board, old communication relationships may have survived his departure from the CEO position, cutting Perez off from valuable information. Knights access to the informal communication network may have worked to spread rumors to Knight and back down the communication chain. These rumors may have contained inaccurate information, caused tube to change and distracted members from their work.This may have reinforced Perezs position as an outsider. 2. How can Nike utilize both traditional and newer organization structures to support the unanimouss heavy strategic commitment to outsourcing? Answer Network structures use information technology (IT) to link with networks of outside suppliers and service contractors. This outlines Nikes efforts to outsource many nonexecutive responsibilities to reduce overhead. In addition to outsourcing deed, the research and marketing busin ess centers listed in the case could be part of a network structure. other(a) functions may include design, advertising, licensing, deference sports and entertainment marketing. 3. Given the problems Nike has had with sweatshop labour being used in some of its foreign contractors, are there subsystems of the firm that need to be run with a mechanistic rather than organic design? Give examples to support your answer. Answers Mechanistic designs are highly centralized and bureaucratic with an emphasis on command and control. This magnate suggest that mechanistic designs are appropriate for manufacturing in foreign countries.Organic designs are adaptive, decentralized and tend to respond to change more quickly. This would probably be a good fit for an organization that has far flung operations in different countries with different cultures that try to respond to rapidly changing technology, fashion, customer demands and economic conditions. Nikes manufacturing subsystem should be run with mechanistic rather than organic so as to protect the image brand and its original designs. The design should be utmost grotesque and further differentiated, not conforming to culture.Design is could be one competitive advantage so it is important that the manufacturing of the products are conformed to the original ideas of the maker, un temptd by any other factors involved in its manufacturing process. Example of this idea is the use of differentiation strategy of companies to gain competitive advantage. 4. Further ResearchGather information on Nikes recent moves and accomplishments, and those of its rival Adidas. Are both firms following the same strategies and using the same structures to support them? Or, is one doing something quite different from the other?Based on what you learn, what do you predict for the future? Will Nike stay on top, or is Adidas the next industry leader? The advertising strategy differs from company to company. Generally, Nike believes in expendit ure 5-7% of its revenues in advertising and endorsement. Nike has planned to spend $4. 2 Billion until 2014 for endorsements alone. With the huge size of Nike, it is tough for other companies to allocate a big amount for their marketing expenses. Moreover, Nike has always an edge when it comes to advertising and marketing. The table below shows the advertising strategy for the major players in the industry.Company Strategy Nike * Endorsing Athletes * Sponsoring Sports events * City based advertisements * Banners Billboards * Themes on bringing ambition and innovation to every athlete in world Adidas, Reebok * Sponsoring Sports events * Endorsing Athletes * Themes on improving performance of every athlete in the world Puma * Mixing influence of sports, lifestyle fashion * Puma concept retail stores * Puma fashion shows * New stuff advertising campaigns * Building seasonal momentum during holiday seasons Other companies * Minimal or less advertising based on storesNike has investe d a lot so far in developing a premium brand that implies high quality and care for the customer. Nike has a wide range of products ranging from athletics to life style and also in different price ranges. Therefore, it is always a challenge to fight against brand dilution within Nike. The following gives an idea of the customers perception of the brands. Company Branding message and strategy Nike Athletic, Influential, Outgoing, Aggressive, hi tech, futuristic, ex post facto cool American way of living Associated with Athletes at top of their sportTo bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in world Adidas, Reebok Clear, orderly, Practical, hi tech, Sophisticated, straightforward Conservative European style To improve performance of every athlete in the world Associated with elite soccer players/teams, NBA stars, Hip hop artists Puma Elegant, colorful, fresh, spontaneous, individual, metropolitan, external Mixing influence of sports, lifestyle fashion Fashion brand, perfo rmance casual footwear, fringe, extreme sports Other companies Based on their product lines. Generally not a strong brand messageIn general, Nikes shoes are associated to be of high quality and stylish. Reeboks are comfortable and casual, and the Adidas brand boasts A-one performance and is perceived as a professional, technically orientated brand with strong European roots. Nike fields some of the best in class expert practices and has a few patents to its credit. Nike emphasizes on these and has developed a lot of new products with use of high technology and sophistication. An example of that is the microprocessor shoe to give great get word and comfort to the customer.However, Adidas is also working on high tech innovations to provide high quality shoes. Lately, Adidas and Nike have been doing entertainment based marketing campaign by forming alliances with technology/entertainment companies. Nike had an alliance with Apple to sell Nike shoes with Apple iPods while Adidas tie d up with Microsoft to sell Adidas goods with Microsoft Xbox gaming systems. So far the supremacy of these alliances is yet to be quantified. Nike follows a 100% outsourcing strategy. Most competitors follow the outsourcing strategy.Exceptions to this are New Balance and other smaller players. New Balance claims that 75% of its production is from the US and other small companies produce in the US as well. In general, Nike might still be the industry leader if it compensates its weaknesses in organizational structures with different strategies such as focusing on innovation and development, following differentiation and pricing-based strategies, and investing on sustainability research. References http//www. nike. com/ph http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nike,_Inc. http//www. scribd. com/doc/91701683/Case-Study

Moral Reflection

Everyday in our lives we are force into making good decisions about anything under the sun. There are situations that make such process difficult, and in that respect are situations where the answer appears to be just right in front of our faces. I cogitate it would be difficult for anyone to decide on any ethical dilemma if he has no clear judgment of faith.Person everyy, I am aware that of at least two ethical principles that guide me in my common ethical decision-making. These are utilitarianism and Kantian moral philosophy. utilitarianism holds that a persons action would be considered virtuously right if it tends to promote happiness for the greatest number of people. Thus, utilitarianism as a moral philosophy places fierceness on the consequences of human action, rather than on the motives behind such action (West).On the other hand, Kantian moral philosophy, or more popularly known as the categorical imperative, is establish on notions of obligation, necessity and reas on. Kant believed that morality consists in the choosing and doing proper conduct, and the proper action is bring downd solely by rational considerations. Thus, Kant holds that innate considerations, including emotions, should not be considered in moral decision-making (The Internet encyclopedia of Philosophy).I believe in both these theories and I delectation them both when I decide everyday ethical dilemmas. There are times when. I believe purely rational considerations should prevail, just there are times that I also consider subjective factors like emotions. I believe that both theories guide my actions and decisions, and both allow me to weigh various considerations in my mind.Nevertheless, I believe that Kants method in determining the right conduct is a give way decision-making process, because Kant provded clear criteria for choosing. Kant provided this rule, thusSo act, that the rule on which thou actest would admit of being adopted as a law by all rational beings. ( Kant).This rule is easier to follow since it does not fluctuate weighing on my mood or subjective predilection, which could change in any day. It serves as a true north, which teaches all men how to think and decide moral dilemmas.One moral issue that deeply concerns me is euthanasia, or mercy killing. mercy killing is defined as an act characterized by the intentional ending of a patients life by a physician, usually by lethal injection (Religion Facts). Euthanasia is always being raised as an picking where a person is with a terminal illness and slim chances of recovering. It is an important issue for me because I could well imagine myself in the position of the sick persons family, and I could imagine subjective feelings that would dictate either euthanasia or maintaining life support. In these kinds of situations, utilitarianism could support either position, as the decision would depend on the consequences of an action. On the other hand, Kantian philosophy could provide a more definitive answer, but such answer would definitely not consider emotions, because these are subjective factors that are not based on reason.Works CitedKant, I. The Metaphysics of Ethics. 1886.MacDonald, Chris. Moral Decision Making An Analysis. 2002. 14 Feb. 2008. .Religion Facts. Facts and Statistics on Euthanasia. 14 Feb. 2008. http//www.religionfacts.com/euthanasia/stats.htm.The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. The Categorical Imperative. 2001. 14 Feb. 2008.http//www.nd.edu/rbarger/categorical-imperative.html.West, Henry R. Utilitarianism. Encyclopdia Britannica. 14 Feb. 2008. http//www.utilitarianism.com/utilitarianism.html.

Social Studies Sba on Poverty

NameNicholas Benjamin checkFerncourt High school Candidate Centre 100035 TerritoryJamaica TeacherMs. M. Reid TitleUn use of goods and services within the familiarity of brownishs township tabulate of Con tennerts Chapter matchless (1)Acknowledgement Introduction Statement of the problem Reasons for selecting argona of research Method of investigation Chapter two (2)Instruments used in info collection Procedures for data collection Chapter three (3)Presentation of data Chapter tetrad (4)Analysis and interpretations of data Chapter five (5)Statement of consideringsRecommendations and implementation strategy Biblio interprety Introduction brownishs townsfolk is a small fraternity located in St Ann Jamaica. The Researcher has been a resident of the participation for the past 16 years and has observed that in that respect is a very exalted aim of un function within the companionship everywhere the years. The Researcher has decided to make a research to find the major (ip)(ip) causes, and effects of unemployment, and withal to find the solutions to the problem. Acknowledgement The Researcher would kindred to thank following persons for their help in the completion of this research.Related article Social Studies SBA on medicine AbuseThe respondents for their valuable time spent answering the questionnaires. My teacher, Miss Reid for her guidance. The researcher would also like to thank his fret and fellow classmates, for their kind support and encouragement. Statement of the Problem What factors note for the lofty up rate of unemployment within the lodge of Browns town and how is the partnership disturbed? Reasons for selecting ara of research The Researcher has observed that there is a high level of unemployment in the partnership of Browns Town and would like to get on examine the causes and effects to find a solution for the problem.Method of investigation The researcher has decided to use printed questionnaire as a means of col lecting data. harmonise to the oxford dictionary, a questionnaire is a set of printed questions for completing a survey. The advantages of victimisation the questionnaires are as follows * It requires little time to be undefiled. * It can be completed at the whatchamacallit of the respondents. * It guarantees confidentiality since the respondents are not required to attach their names. * Distribution and collection of questionnaires are not time consuming. QuestionnaireTopicWhat factors account for the high rate of unemployment within the community of Browns Town and how the community is affected? program lineThis is not a test answer all questions as truth fully as possible. Place a tick at the appropriate answer or fill out where necessary. 1) What gender do you give-up the ghost to? Male Female 2) What age group do you belong? 18-25 years 25-33 years 34-40 years 41- over years 3) How long have you been living in the community of Browns Town? 1 year 1-2 years 3-4 years 5 ye ars and over 4) Do you think unemployment is a major problem in the community of Browns Town?YES NO 5) Which gender do you confide most unemployed people belong? Male Female 6) What is the major cause of unemployment? a) Not fully able b) Lack of employment opportunities c) High transportation cost d) Other __________________________________ 7) How do you swear unemployment affect the someone? __________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 8) How does unemployment affect families in the community of Browns Town? a) Poverty ) Absenteeism( unrivalled parent go forth to find employment in another area) c) Prostitution d) High stress level in families 9) How do you reckon unemployment affect the community? a) Increase nuisance and violence b) Increase in poorness c) Migration of delicate and qualified persons d) More Juvenile delinquents 10) How does unemployment affect the children in fam ilies? a) Absents from school b) Lack of Proper health bang c) Lack proper nutrition d) Children becoming delinquents 11) Do you believe world enough is done to change magnitude unemployment? Yes No 12) Give reasons for your answer in 11 in a higher place. _______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 13) Which of the following do you think is trusty for the high level of unemployment in the community of Browns Town? a) The individual b) The government c) The Business community d) Other ___________________________ 14) Do you believe the problem of unemployment can be sticking(p) in the community of Browns Town? Yes No 15) What can the community do to degrade the high level of unemployment? a) digest skills develop centers b) go forth employment opportunities ) Help individuals to get fully qualified d) Encourage Entrepreneurship Procedures for collecting data The research was conducted in the community of Browns Town. A total of ten questionnaires were given to randomly selected respondents. Of these ten (10) respondents, four (4) were males and six (6) were females. The respondents lived in the area one (1) to ten (10) years. Some of the questionnaires were immediately completed and returned while others were collected the following day. All (10) questionnaires were completed and returned. judge 1A pie map video display the responses question 4.Do you think unemployment is a major problem in the community of Browns Town? In the pie chart above nine (9) or ninety percent (90%) of the respondents fit outd that unemployment is a major problem in the community of Browns Town. iodine (1) or ten percent (10%) utter no. Figure 2Bar graph showing the responses to question 6. What is the major cause of unemployment in Browns Town? In the bar graph above two or cardinal percent (20%) of the respondents agree that high transportation cost is the major cause of unemployme nt in Browns Town. Three(3)or thirty percent(30%) believe not fully qualified.The remain five (5) or fifty percent (50%) said lack of employment opportunities. Figure 3 A Bar Graph showing the responses to question 8. How does unemployment affect families in the community of Browns town? In the Bar Graph above four (4) or xl percent (40%) believe unemployment increase high stress level in families, two (2) or twenty percent (20%) it increases Prostitution, one (1) or ten percent (10%) believe there is an absenteeism (One parent leaving to find employment in another area). The remaining three (3) or thirty percent (30%) believe unemployment affects the amilies in the community of Browns Town by means of poverty. Figure 5A pie chart showing the responses question 11. Do you believe enough is being done to lessen unemployment? The pie chart above states three (3) or thirty percent (30%) of the respondents agreed that enough is being done to lessen unemployment in the community of Br owns Town. seven (7) or seventy percent (70%) disagreed. Figure 4A table showing the responses to Question 9. How do you believe unemployment affect the community? Responses of Respondents % of Respondents Increase Crime and furiousness 5 50%Increase in poverty 3 30% Migration of skilled and qualified workers 1 10% More juvenile delinquents 1 10% total 10 100% In the gameboard above five (5) or fifty percent (50%) of the respondents believe there is an increase in crime and violence. Three (3) or thirty percent (30%) think theres an increase in poverty. One (1) or ten percent (10%) believe that skilled and qualified workers have migrated . The remaining one (1) or ten percent(10%) believe there are other ways to reduce the high level of unemployment. Figure 6 A Bar Graph showing the responses to question 13.Which of the following do you think is responsible for the high level of unemployment in the community of Browns Town? In the bar graph above four(4) or forty percent (40%) o f the respondents agree that the individual is responsible for the cause of unemployment in Browns Town. Another four (4) or forty percent (40%) believe the government. One (1) or ten (10%) of the respondents thinks it is the business community and the remaining one (1) or ten percent (10%) said others are responsible for the high level of unemployment in the community of Browns Town. Figure 7A carry over showing the responses to Question 15.What can the community do to reduce the high level of unemployment? Responses of Respondents % of Respondents Provide skills training centers 3 30% Provide employment opportunities 4 40% Help individuals to get fully qualified 2 20% Encourage Entrepreneurship 1 10% Total 10 100% In the Table above three (3) or thirty percent (30%) of the respondents believe the community should provide skills training centers to reduce the high level of unemployment . Four (4) or forty percent(40%) think the community should provide employment opportunities.T wo (2) or twenty percent(20%) believe the community should help individual to get fully qualified . The remaining one (1) or ten percent(10%) believe there are other ways to reduce the high level of unemployment. Analysis and interpretation of Data According to google. com/dictionary unemployment is a situation in which people are without jobs either because they are unwilling to accept available jobs or because there are no jobs available. establish on the research conducted, unemployment is a major problem in the community of Browns Town.This is illustrated in cast 1, a pie chart showing 90% of the respondents saying yes unemployment is a major problem in the community while the remaining 10% said no. The research has also revealed that unemployment has many causes. ground on the responses of the respondents, where 10% percent believed that high transportation cost is a major cause of unemployment, 40% believed lack of qualification is the cause and another 30% said lack of empl oyment opportunities while the remaining 20 % said there are other major causes of unemployment in the community of Browns Town. Unemployment affects families in the community in many ways.The research states in figure 3, that 40% of the respondents believe this causes high stress level in families. 20% believe it causes female members of the family to become prostitutes. And 10% believe that it causes absenteeism of one parent trying to get employment opportunity in another area. The remaining 30% thinks it causes poverty in the family because they are not earning so they become poor. Unemployment affects the community in many ways also. According to the research, one major way is an increase in crime and violence as illustrated in figure 4 where 50% of the respondents believed this. 0% of the respondents believed it increases poverty, 10% believed that there is a migration of skilled and qualified persons. The remaining 10% believed there are more juveniles delinquents. According to figure 5, it is shown that 70% of the respondent believe that enough is not being done to lessen the high level of unemployment in the community of Browns Town and the remaining 30% percent state that enough is being done. The responses state that 40% of the respondents believe that the individual is responsible for the high level of unemployment in the community of Browns Town. Another 40% believe the government is responsible. 0% of the respondent states it is the business community while the remaining 10% states other persons are responsible. establish on the responses of the respondents, there are many things that the community can do to reduce the high level of unemployment. As illustrated in figure 7 which show the responses to question number 15. What can the community do to reduce the high level of unemployment? 40% of the respondents believed that the community should provide employment opportunities, 20% believed the community should help individuals get fully qualified and 30% believe they could provide skills training centers.The remaining 10% believed the community should encourage entrepreneurship as it would provide employment. The Researcher agrees that unemployment is a major problem in the community of Browns Town. This problem is having a negative effect on the community and should not be allowed to increase, based on the other amicable issues to which it contributes. The researcher believes the following steps should be taken to crop the problem The government should ensure that all students leaving secondary schools get the opportunity to go to college or get a skill by having a special fund for this purpose.The government can also invite other Caribbean nations to set up businesses in the country to create employment for persons. Statement of Findings Based on the research conducted the researcher made the following findings. 1. Unemployment is a major problem in the community of Browns Town. 2. The major causes of unemployment are l ack of employment opportunities, high transportation costs, and persons not being fully qualified. 3. Unemployment affects the community in the following ways. Increase in crime and violence, increase poverty and the migration of skilled and qualified persons. . Unemployment affects the families by increasing their state of poverty, causing one parent to leave to find employment in another area and high stress levels on the home. 5. unemployment affect the children in families by preventing them from go to school, the lack of proper health care, lack of proper nutrition and children becoming delinquents. 6. Unemployment can be alleviated in the community of Browns Town. 7. The community can do the following to reduce unemployment. Provide skills training centers provide employment opportunities and help individuals to get fully qualified.Recommendations and implementation strategy The Researcher would like to make the following recommendation as a solution for the high rate of unem ployment within the community of Browns Town. There is a great need for persons to become fully qualified. If the various social groups such as the church and the community clubs would sponsor persons from the community who are unable to pay their breeding fees for tertiary education, that would help a great deal. These persons upon completion of their education should in turn help others in the community achieve a higher level of education and skills.Club groups should try to get the governments help to rough a skills training center within the community where persons can learn a skill. Later these individuals should cleared businesses to provide employment for themselves and others in the community. Bibliography Ramsawak, Rampersad, Umraw, Ralph R. Modules in Social Studies (3rd Edition) Caribbean educational Publishers 2002-2003 Unemployment retrieved from http//www. www. wordiq. com September 18, 2012 http//www. images. search. yahoo. com