Friction Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Friction - Lab Report Example Static friction is the friction that tries to hold the object in position. A book positioned on a table has a static friction. The coefficient of static friction is denoted by  µ. Dynamic friction is associated with the surfaces that in constant motion with each other. The friction force between the engine rotating parts is dynamic friction. The major aim of the experiment is estimate the coefficient of static friction. It can be evaluated by pulling a box with known weight along a surface with smooth flat symmetry. The coefficient of static friction and normal force (FN) are correlated to each other when one surface starts to slide over the surface. FF is the frictional force that is in opposite direction to the tension force. Force of gravity tries to pull the box down and normal pull force (FN) in opposite direction to the gravitational pull force. In this experiment we have to estimate the relationship between FN, FF and  µ (coefficient of friction). Friction of the object is directly proportional to the weight of the object; as the weight increase, the force of friction also increases. During the experiment, the box with more weight required more force to be pulled from its position. It means that the weight of the object increases its frictional value. On the other hand, comparatively less force is required pull the small box. This estimate can either be wrong as heavier weights require more force in general. Coefficient of friction also increases as the weight increases. We have estimated the ratio of FF and FN and found that as the weight of an object increases, the coefficient of friction also increases. The other observation is that the surface area of the object in contact with the other surface also influences frictional force on the object. In our experiment, the box with more weight has more surface area in contact with the surface below and thus produced more friction. On the other hand, the object

Lean Production System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lean Production System - Research Paper Example According to Pascal (2007) this production system has elevated many manufacturing companies over the years and it still has great significance in today’s corporate environment. Generally, this production system involves making a company efficient in terms of production and sleek provision of services to its consumers. The main reason as to why companies apply this system in their operation is to beat the stiff completion in the market and gain a greater competitive advantage. From a lean production system an organization is able to minimize the surplus and waste produced in an organization (Pascal, 2007). According to Wormack & Jones (2003) waste elimination was the first objective in the invention of both the Toyota Production System and the Lean Production System. The lean production system is governed by certain principles of which are aimed at reducing the production of waste in an organization. The principles include: Leveled production Pull system Continuous flow process ing 3Ms (Muda, Muri, Mura) Talk time Flexible workforce The 5Ss (sorting, sweeping, sifting, sustenance and spick and span). In leveled production the system aims at improving the company’s production on a single line of production. In this case an organization is made to produce more models of the same production. This is usually aimed at increasing the level in which the consumer’s needs and demands are catered for. To make it more efficient, different models of production are analyzed by determining the ratio of their demand (Pascal, 2007). From the ratios, the production then begins with a consideration of the demand level each model has. This reduces both shortage and waste of the produced goods. The pull system is like a backward movement of production where the consumers trigger the process. Without the demand of the consumer then there will be no production. For instance, a visit to McDonald in need of a burger, there is usually no burger ready yet until you or der. After you order the restaurant then begin the production of the burger. Generally, the system first considers demand before commencing with the production (Wormack & Jones, 2003). After the implementation of the pull system it is mandatory to have a continuous flow of processes. After demands from consumers, it is only logical if an organization can provide a smooth follow up with the process of production (Temple & Hunter, 2003). For this to be achievable every step in the production process should be well managed and formulated. The three Ms are word from the Japanese dictionary. Muda means non-valued added, mura means overburden and muri means unevenness. The three Ms are problems which hinder the effective application of the just in time production (Pascal, 2007). From the three Ms an organization has a clear picture on what to improve. Talk time refers to the time specified to complete a set of tasks. The talk time is usually governed by the consumer’s demand (Templ e & Hunter, 2003). For instance, if the time specified for the assembly of cars per day is 500 minutes and there are 100 cars to be assembled, the time taken to assemble one car should be five minutes. A flexible workforce is a staff that can be able to do any required operation at any given time. From a flexible workforce an organization makes it efficient to have the just in time production and have a well managed talk time. One company that has successfully implemented the Lean Production System is the Toyota

Darfar, African Crisis, Politics and Aid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Darfar, African Crisis, Politics and Aid - Essay Example a number of seemingly rational reasons like maintenance of personal freedom, adherence to social balance, and maintenance of law and order are the common refrains that can be heard from people who believe that human rights are being given more importance than that it ideally should get in the international scene. There are many concerns that are debated when human rights issues are raised in the international forums. Often it has been seen that human rights issues have been used as a convenient tool to corner nations that are out of favor with the power blocks of the world. Darfur in Sudan has been in the news recently for gross violation of human rights that is happening in the country. The crisis that started in 2003 attained international significance when the government of the country was alleged to be abetting human rights violation. The country faced severe censure in many international forums and was criticized for the way in which it handled the issue. The crisis started when rebel forces attacked government installations accusing it of ignoring the black population of the country in favor of people of Arab origin. In retaliation, the Sudanese government forces and militia of Arab origin, also called as the Janjaweed, has let loose a campaign of terror that has so far claimed about 200,000 lives and left about four million people homeless. The crimes perpetuated on the black population include murder and atrocities on women in addition to arson and plunder. It has been reported that the militia surround refugee camps and attack refugees if they venture too far away from the camp. Even though military were deployed to control the militia many human rights groups claim that the military acts in collusion with the Janjaweed. Opposing the military and Janjaweed is the rebel Sudan Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement, both of which have volunteers recruited from the local black tribes. [BBC, 2007] The Sudanese government has interfered in

Physics Prac - Mesuring Wavelengths Of Light :: essays research papers

Aim: To determine the approximate value of l for red light using a diffraction kit. Theory: Diffraction of light is one explanation of the wave theory of light. Francesco Grimaldi first observed this type of behvaiour from light. However, Thomas Young was the scientist that was able to derive a mathematical formula where l can be calculated. The original experiment involved sending white light into a screen with two small holes to serve as point sources. The light from these sources was then projected onto a screen and light and dark bands were observed. The mathematical formula could then be used after taking certain measurements. Equipment: Light source (Ray box), Red cellophane, Double-slit slide, and Measuring rod (can be already attached to Ray box. Method: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Set up the ray box and place red cellophane in clip so that it is over the bulb. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Switch on ray box and stand approximately two meters away from the ray box, hold the slide up to your eye and look through one of the double slit patterns into the light. Observe disturbance pattern. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While looking through the slide, have someone move the white marker along the slide rule until its edge is approximately halfway inside a dark or light band. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Take measurement down and then repeat step 3 and gain measurement for other dark or light bands. Results: The results gained from the experiment were conclusive and accurate when compared to the original value for l for red light. Below is a table of the measurements recorded and calculations to gain l. Calculation (con't): The value d was calculated by placing the slide in a projector and then on the whiteboard (acting as a screen), marks were made. The slide had a measurement of 1cm and from this the ratio 35:1 was established. Measurements were then made and the slides actual measurements were determined. For this particular experiment, the slide marking D was used. L was measured also using simple trigonometry. The person viewing through the slide sat at a table and then looked down at the ray box on an angle.

Stop Smoking

Every hour that ticks by 50 Americans die. Smoking is killing Americans daily. Approximately 1,200 people die a day from smoking. Most people don't understand what smoking does to their bodies. Smoking can damage lungs, rot teeth, and cause quick aging. For starters, smoking can take a toll on your lungs. Carcinogens are what makes up cigarettes. This chemical causes filmy build up on the inside of your lungs. This is also called tar. Tar buildup can eventually break down the cells of the lungs and lead to cancer.Emphysema is a condition that often happens when the smoke is released into the air sacs. Thus, the air sacs are destroyed and lose elasticity. People who suffer from emphysema experience shortness of breath and have a hard time with the slightest bit of exertion. Imagine getting up out of your chair and walking into the kitchen and by the time you reach the kitchen you are winded. Furthermore, smoking can cause your teeth to rot. Smoking decreases the calcium incorporation which means your bones aren’t as dense and more fragile.It also causes tobacco stains on your teeth. The Journal of the American Medical Association examined a group of 3,531 children aged from 4 to 11. They found that 53% of those with fillings of dental decay also had high levels of cotinine, a nicotine derivative, in their blood. As a result, passive smoking is responsible for up to 27% of tooth decay in children. Finally, smoking can cause you to age quicker. The moment you take a drag on a cigarette you are beginning to shave years off your life.When you smoke, you increase your risk of dying from heart disease, stroke, lung disease, eye disease, bone disease, and cancer of almost every organ. Tobacco smoke compromises the production of collagen, elastin, and skin proteins that make skin strong and elastic. Without the support of these skin components, the skin degrades faster and more severely. Smoking is one of the worst things you can do to yourself. I hope by reading this you will never smoke or stop smoking. Smoking will only damage your lungs, rot teeth, and cause quick aging. Just ask yourself. Is it worth it?

Comparison of Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants and...

Comparison of Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants and Cat In The Rain Cat In The Rain is set in an Italian hotel where we meet an American couple. Outside a cat is trapped in the rain, and the wife wants to save it. When she goes to get it, it is gone but the maid later brings her one. The point of view in the story is a third person narrator, but the perspective changes going from the wife to the husband and an objective narrator who tells it like it is. The story is told retrospectively in the past tense. The narrator is omniscient - that is he knows all but judges nothing. On the first page it seems it is the waiter objectively telling us what is going on whereas the second page is told by the wife and the last†¦show more content†¦Her looking out the window is a way for her to signal her want and need for community - or more so, the desperate need of someone to love. His reading a book is a substitute for community and even more a remedy for boredom. He is bored by his wife, he is bored with his life. She is a joyous person and he is constantly bored and longing for something exciting to happen. She seems to be a harmonious union of nature and culture, but when she is with her husband she is disharmonious i.e. bored which Hemingway sneakingly implies w hen he has her (when she is with her husband) looking out on the empty square in heavy rain. Their activity together is him reading and her looking, signaling the loss or failure of love and communication. The cat to her is the symbol of her desperation to have a child - someone to care for. Her husband is not interested in her want or need to have a child but she does not - in any way - keep her desire under wraps. Over and over again she tells him what she wants but he does not listen but clings rather desperately to his book that maybe to him, seems the only way to not have to listen to his wifes demands. So, in conclusion, the theme of this story is, as before mentioned, the loss or failure of love. In comparison to Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants, Cat In The Rain seems to be a prelude. That is to say that Hills could be argued toShow MoreRelatedANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesinternal, in which case the issue to be resolved is one within the protagonist’s psyche or personality. External conflict may reflect a basic opposition between man and nature (such as in Jack London’s famous short story â€Å"To Build a Fire† or Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea†) or between man and society (as in Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Man Who Was Almost a Man†). It may also take the form of an opposition between man and man (between the protagonist and a human adversary, the antagonist), as, for

Business Report - Wincanton - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2106 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Did you like this example? Business Report Contents Introduction Section 1 Wincanton Wincanton Department Organization Structure Section 2 Functions of an office: Section 3 Work Place Legislation Safety, Health Welfare At Work Act 1989-2007 Employments Permits Act 2006 Maternity Protection Act 2004 Introduction In this report I have looked at Wincanton. I have given a brief history review of the company and its day to day action. I have also discussed the four different departments of the main functions/activities of each department. I have also included a chart in this assignment to show the different types of departments such as Finance and HR. I have given a brief description in law of a workplacement. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Business Report Wincanton" essay for you Create order Section 1 Wincanton Wincanton is a market leader in the provision of complex supply chain services. Wincanton have over 200 warehouse sites across the UK and Ireland offering storage solutions which include bonded facilities, cross-docking, automation, co-packing and integrated warehouse management solutions. Wincanton support customers big and small across every sector of the market. Wincanton started life delivering milk in 1925. They now deliver so much more. Over the past 80 years they have entered new industry sectors. The headquarters is located in Chippenham, United Kingdom. The Irish Wincanton warehouse was first moved here from the United Kingdom on Tuesday 3rd December 1991 in Dublin 15. Wincantons Products and Services: transport and distribution e.g. delivery of goods using road, rail, and barges warehousing e.g. providing temperature controlled warehouses specialist services e.g. helping with records management added value services e.g. labelling and package design information technology e.g. modelling and simulation, enabling firms to track goods Management e.g. consultancy work linked to warehouse design and project management. Wincantonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s is a public limited company in the private sector. Wincanton is owned by shareholders. They may allow its share to be bought by the general public although they donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have to. Wincantonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business is to make a profit from what they do. The local management and operations in Wincanton are very experienced in managing a wide range of value-added services. Wet and dry bonded storage and duty management and regional consolidation are what happens in the Wincanton warehouse. Wincanton have more than 250 sites across the UK and Ireland. Some of the worlds leading brand are stored in the Wincanton warehouse. Wincanton provides some of the worlds best products around the world such as Cow and Gate baby food. Every year Wincanton holds 400,000 pallets, picks up 75 million cases and ships 4.5 million pallets on behalf of their consumer goods. With over 250 sites across the UK and Ire land they offer ambient, bonded and MHRA approved facilities alongside an integrated transport network, managed regionally to facilitate collaboration. Wincanton is one of the leading logistics companies in Europe and it is the UKs second largest logistics company with 13% of the overall market. In 2004 Wincanton: had a  £1.6bn turnover employed over 25,000 people operated over 100 major warehouses deployed 6,000 vehicles Operated in 15 European countries. Wincanton Department Wincanton has many different departments. Four of Wincantonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main departments are: Human Resource (HR) Finance Logistics Administration HR departments often act as a middleman between employees and management and should be where employees go for basic company information. They also work with management to help develop long-term strategies for the growth and development of a company. HR monitors salary and wages within the companys industry to ensure compensation remains competitive. The department also helps management map out pay structures within the company. An administration department is responsible for providing administrative aid in five areas of a business, information management systems, human resources, payroll, acquisition and communication. Main Activities Assist with preparation of the budget Implement financial policies and procedures Reconcile the general ledger Prepare and reconcile general bank statements Establish and maintain supplier accounts Ensure data is entered into the system Ensure transactions are properly recorded and entered into the computerized accounting system Prepare income statements Prepare balance sheets Assist with the annual audit Maintain financial files and records The Finance department will be responsible for all the day to day transactional accounting for the business. The finance department is also responsible for management of the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cash flow and confirming there are enough funds available to meet the day to day payments. The logistics department is given with the responsibilities of guaranteeing that the entire process of logistics is maintained and developed in accordance with the goals of the business at an efficient cost. The tasks of the logistics department involve storage, distribution, warehousing, movement of goods from one place to another (internally or externally), tracking and delivery of goods. Logistics is measured to be the complete process involving planning, managing and controlling the flow of goods and services, information, real-time data and human resources from the point of origin to the point of destination Organization Structure Finance Manager- Is in charge of the department and supervising staff and also reports to the Managing Director. Health and safety -Designs and implements HS Policies and keeps records of accident reports and records. Section 2 Functions of an office: Receiving and sorting information. The office deals with all information coming in to the business. They also ensure that the information is passed on to the appropriate people to be dealt with in an efficient manner. It is more common for a large business to have a centralised office to deal with common activities. In an office they would receive orders from the government, customers, welfare agencies and even the revenue commissioners. The office deals with company reports, bank statements, currency rates and even stock valuations. The information received is sorted for further processing or immediate distribution. Main duties. The main duties in a day to day office would be to handle queries or give out quotations. Help with customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ enquiries take their orders and payments. Also a main duty in an office would be to take orders or give orders to suppliers that come in on a regular basis. They would also receive and give out promotional material or cat alogues to the customers or workers coming in and out of the building. Processing and communicating information. There are four ways to communicate in an office. You can orally communicate with someone for example face to face communication, telephone and videoconferencing. You can also write to communicate to someone for example letters and reports. Electronically is another way of communicating with the public for example email or fax. Visually communicating with someone for example bar charts, pie charts or histograms. The office has to make it very clear in understanding the public and make it clear for them to understand the office workers. Storing and protecting information. When information is processed, it is stored for future reference using a manual filing system or an electronic document management system. Information regarding individuals that is maintained in paper format or on a computer must be maintained according to the data protection Acts 1988-2003.Con fidential information should be safely stored to prevent unauthorised access. Photocopier. A photocopier is a machine that makes copies of paper documents. A photo copier is a fast and effective way to get things printed out as many times as you want and is also very quick too. In a photo copier there is a Paper drawer-To accommodate more than one size of paper or card. Number selector-To control the number of copies to be made Image editing- To make the image smaller or bigger on the page. Zoom features- To increase or decrease the size of the page Booklet feature-Copies to page and folds it into a booklet. Scanners. A Scanner takes an image of a page or an object converts it into a digital format and inputs it into the computer. It eliminates the needs to key in information manually so reduces the risk of an error. Any type of document can be scanned, text, image, handwritten documents or diagrams. The image can also be filed and edited. Printers. These are a unique piece of office equipment for producing hard copied information and are normally connected to the computer network. There are 3 types of printers: Impact printer- it is an older type printer which contains a print head that makes contact with the paper so it is quiet noisy. Laser printer- This type of printer creates an electronic charge on a drum that attracts ink powder that is subsequently fused onto the paper. Inkjet Printers- This printer consists of a print head with a series of nozzleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s that squirt into on to the paper. They are also popular for the home environment. Section 3 Work Place Legislation Safety, Health Welfare At Work Act 1989-2007 The safety, health and welfare at work act 2005 were brought in to make further provision for the safety, health and welfare of persons at work. The 2005 act came into force on 1st September 2005. The act applies to all employers, self-employed and employees in all places of work. It also places duties on designers, suppliers, manufacturers and others concerned with work activities. Under the safety, health and welfare at work act 2005 every employer is required to carry out a risk assessment for the workplace which should identify any hazards present in the workplace, assess the risks arising from such hazards and identify the steps to be taken to deal with any risks. Employers have extensive duties under the Act. The different requirements are split up into the following headings: General duties of Employers Information to Employees Instruction, Training Supervision of Employees Emergencies and serious and imminent dangers Protective and Preventive Measures Hazard identification Risk Assessment Safety Statement Co-operation Health Surveillance Medical fitness to work Safety representative Employee Consultation Penalisation Employments Permits Act 2006 If you are coming from the EEA (European economic area) you would need a work permit to live in the country. The act also provides that a foreign national without an employment permit, who took all reasonable steps to get one, can take civil action against their employer to compensate them for work done or services reduced. There are now 9 different types of employment permit: critical skills employment general employment intra-company transfer employment permit dependant/partner/spouse employment permit reactivation employment permit sport and cultural employment permit internship employment permit contract for services employment permit exchange agreement employment permit You cannot receive a permit if you do not make more than à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬30,000 a year. There is an exception that you can get a permit if you earn à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬27,000 if specialist language support and technical or sales support with a fluency in a non-EEA language for companies who are getting support from the state enterprise development agencies. You must have the qualifications, skills and experience required for the job. You must be directly employed and paid by your employer. General employment permit applications from recruitment agencies and other intermediaries are not acceptable. The employer must be trading in Ireland, registered with revenue and with the companies registration office. Your employer cannot deduct recruitment expenses from your pay or retain your personal documents. Maternity Protection Act 2004 The Maternity Protection Act which covers matters such as maternity leave, the right to return to work after such leave and health/safety during immediately after the pregnancy. If you become pregnant while in employment, you are entitled to take maternity leave. The entitlement to a basic period of maternity leave from employment extends to all female employees (including casual workers), regardless of how long you have been working for the organisation or the number of hours worked per week. You can also avail of additional unpaid maternity leave. The Maternity Protection Acts 1994 and 2004 provide your statutory minimum entitlements in relation to maternity at work including maternity leave. You are entitled to 26 weeksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ maternity leave together with 16 weeks additional unpaid maternity leave, which begins immediately after the end of maternity leave. Stillbirths and miscarriages If you have a stillbirth or miscarriage any time after the 24th week of pr egnancy, you are entitled to full maternity leave. From 1 March 2007 this means a basic period of 26 weeks and 16 weeks of additional maternity leave. If you have satisfied the PRSI requirements, Maternity Benefit is payable for the 26 weeks of the basic maternity leave. To apply for Maternity Benefit following a stillbirth, you need to send a letter from your doctor with the Maternity Benefit application form, confirming the expected date of birth, the actual date of birth and the number of weeks of pregnancy. Bibliography https://www.wincanton.co.uk/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wincanton https://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/employment/employment_rights_and_conditions/leave_and_holidays/maternity_leave.html https://www.hsa.ie/eng/Topics/Managing_Health_and_Safety/Safety,_Health_and_Welfare_at_Work_Act_2005/